1. The varied geography of the West discouraged many railroad builders and made travel to the West difficult. The railroad would have to cross the vast Great Plains, the snow-covered Rocky Mountains, the deserts of the Great Basin, and the rugged Sierra Nevada Mountains.
2. In 1862, the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads began building a transcontinental railroad to link the Eastern and Western United States.
3. The transcontinental railroad affected development of the West because it was easier and less expensive to travel, it increased trade from the East to the West, and it encouraged more people to move west.
4. Former Civil War soldiers, free African Americans, and Irish, German, and Chinese immigrants worked on the transcontinental railroad.
5. Coolies, or Chinese immigrants who worked on the railroad, were often treated unfairly and were paid less than other works. 
6. The railroad changed the Native Americans’ way of life by bringing more settlers to their homelands and destroying their game.
7. The government decided to resettle Native Americans on reservations in hopes that the Native Americans would give up hunting and become farmers.
8. In 1868, the Lakota leaders signed a treaty with the United States to create the Great Lakota Reservation. This promised the Lakota land on the Black Hills forever.
9. The Seventh Calvary’s mission, led by Colonel George Custer, was to defeat the Lakota and force them onto a new reservation.
10. Crazy Horse helped lead the Lakota to victory at the Battle of Little Bighorn, which was the biggest victory Native Americans ever won against United States forces; it led to the end of freedom for Native Americans.
11. The Homestead Act gave 160 acres of land on the Great Plains to any adult man or widow who would pay a small fee and farm the land for five years. This encouraged settlement in the West.
12. The people who bought land under the Homestead Act were called homesteaders.
13. Homesteaders on the Great Plains also became known as sodbusters because they had to work hard to make the thick soil suitable for planting their crops.
14. Technology such as windmills, steel plows, and barbed wire made life for sodbusters a little easier.
15. African American pioneers who moved to the Great Plains were called exodusters.
16. Exodusters started new lives in communities on the Great Plains, such as Nicodemus, Kansas.
17. On cattle drives, cowboys guided huge herds of cattle north to new railroad lines.
18. After the Civil War, ranchers made large profits by selling their cattle in the growing cities in the East.
19. Cattle drives came to an end because of conflicts between ranchers and farmers on the Great Plains and expanding railroad lines.
20. During the gold rush, thousands of people went to California to search for gold.

Chapter 10, Expanding West and Overseas: Lesson 4 (pgs. 374-379) 

Today’s Focus: Review for Chapter 10 Assessment 

1) Partner Review: Work with a partner to complete ALL questions on pages 381-382 IN YOUR SOCIAL STUDIES NOTEBOOK. I will mark the answers from there. YES, ANSWER IN SENTENCES. 

2) Partner Review: Go over ALL vocabulary words and meanings from Monday to Thursday. There are vocabulary questions on the quizzes for each lesson.  

3) Review all Cornell Notes from each lesson. This will help you prepare for the Chapter Test. 

Grades:  

1) Review and Assessment questions, pgs. 381-382.

Chapter 10, Expanding West and Overseas: Lesson 4 (pgs. 374-379) 

1) Notes: Use context clues in the text to define all bold terms in Lesson 4. They must be noted in your Social Studies notebook.  

2) Partner Reading and In-text Questions: Read Lesson 4 with a partner. Answer ALL of the in-text questions that appear in Lesson 4 reading. Answer the questions IN YOUR TEXTBOOK. I will mark them from there.  

3) Notes: Create Cornell Notes for the Lesson 4 headings (text feature). When you create your chart, the lesson headings go on the left side. The bulleted notes go on the right side. Write a one sentence summary for each lesson heading ALONG with bulleted notes. 

Grades: 

1) Vocabulary AND Cornell Notes, Lesson 4 

2) In-text Reading Questions 

3) 5-Question Lesson 4 Quiz

Chapter 10, Expanding West and Overseas: Lesson 3 (pgs. 366-373) 

1) Notes: Use context clues in the text to define all bold terms in Lesson 3. They must be noted in your Social Studies notebook.  

2) Partner Reading and In-text Questions: Read Lesson 3 with a partner. Answer ALL of the in-text questions that appear in Lesson 3 reading. Answer the questions IN YOUR TEXTBOOK. I will mark them from there. 

3) Notes: Create Cornell Notes for the Lesson 3 headings (text feature). When you create your chart, the lesson headings go on the left side. The bulleted notes go on the right side. Write a one sentence summary for each lesson heading ALONG with bulleted notes. 

Grades: 

1) Vocabulary AND Cornell Notes, Lesson 3 

2) In-text Reading Questions 

3) 5-Question Lesson 3 Quiz

Chapter 10, Expanding West and Overseas: Lesson 2 (pgs. 360-365) 

1) Notes: Use context clues in the text to define all bold terms in Lesson 2. They must be noted in your Social Studies notebook.  

2) Partner Reading and In-text Questions: Read Lesson 2 with a partner. Answer ALL of the in-text questions that appear in Lesson 2 reading. Answer the questions IN YOUR TEXTBOOK. I will mark them from there. 

3) Notes: Create Cornell Notes for the Lesson 2 headings (text feature). When you create your chart, the lesson headings go on the left side. The bulleted notes go on the right side. Write a one sentence summary for each lesson heading ALONG with bulleted notes. 

Grades: 

1) Vocabulary AND Cornell Notes, Lesson 2 

2) In-text Reading Questions 

3) 5-Question Lesson 2 Quiz

Chapter 10, Expanding West and Overseas: Lesson 1 (pgs. 352-358) 

1) Notes: Use context clues in the text to define all bold terms in Lesson 1. They must be noted in your Social Studies notebook.  

2) Partner Reading and In-text Questions: Read Lesson 1 with a partner. Answer ALL of the in-text questions that appear in Lesson 1 reading. Answer the questions IN YOUR TEXTBOOK. I will mark them from there. 

3) Notes: Create Cornell Notes for the Lesson 1 headings (text feature). When you create your chart, the lesson headings go on the left side. The bulleted notes go on the right side. Write a one sentence summary for each lesson heading ALONG with bulleted notes. 

Grades: 

1) Vocabulary AND Cornell Notes, Lesson 1 

2) In-text Reading Questions 

3) 5-Question Lesson 1 Quiz